salam.. good morning. Guys this is a part of our group essay. I hope that all of you can give a comment about it.
Some people believe pollution is an inescapable result of human activity, they argue that if we want to have factories, cities, ships, cars, oil, and coastal resorts, some degree of pollution is almost certain to result. In other words, pollution is a necessary evil that people must put up with if they want to make progress. Fortunately, not everyone agrees with this view. One reason people have woken up to the problem of pollution is that it brings costs of its own that undermine any economic benefits that come about by polluting.
The effects of water pollution are varied and depend on what chemicals are dumped and in what locations. Klang Habour is a strong example of how badly pollution can damage bodies of water. The water is filled with toxic waste and sewage, and routinely receives more waste when rainfall pushes it into the harbor. Many bodies of water near urban areas are highly polluted. This is the result of both garbage dumped by individuals and dangerous chemicals legally or illegally dumped by industries.
Take oil spills, for example. They can happen if tankers are too poorly built to survive accidents at sea. But the economic benefit of compromising on tanker quality brings an economic cost when an oil spill occurs. The oil can wash up on nearby beaches, devastate the ecosystem, and severely affect tourism. The main problem is that the people who bear the cost of the spill (typically a small coastal community) are not the people who caused the problem in the first place (the people who operate the tanker). Yet, arguably, everyone who puts gasoline (petrol) into their car or uses almost any kind of petroleum-fueled transport contributes to the problem in some way. So oil spills are a problem for everyone, not just people who live by the coast and tanker operates.
Sewage is another good example of how pollution can affect us all. Sewage discharged into coastal waters can wash up on beaches and cause a health hazard. People who bathe or surf in the water can fall ill if they swallow polluted water yet sewage can have other harmful effects too, it can poison shellfish (such as cockles and mussels) that grow near the shore. People who eat poisoned shellfish risk suffering from an acute and sometimes fatal illness called paralytic shellfish poisoning. Shellfish is no longer caught along many shores because it is simply too polluted with sewage or toxic chemical wastes that have discharged from the land nearby.
The main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that inhabits water-based ecosystems. Dead fish, birds, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches, killed by pollutants in their habitat. Birds that get into oil-contaminated water die from exposure to cold water and air due to feather damage. Other animals are affected when they eat dead fish in contaminated streams. Pollution disrupts the natural food chain as well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish, and the food chain continues to be disrupted at all higher levels.
Eventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned. Otherwise drinking polluted water can cause cholera or typhoid infections, along with diarrhea. It also can affects human body organs. The consumption of highly contaminated water can cause injury to the heart and kidneys.
Water pollutions also can causes algae in water. Urea, animal manure and vegetable peelings are food for algae. Algae grow according to how much waste is in a water source. Bacteria feed off the algae, decreasing the amount of oxygen in the water. The decreased oxygen causes harm to other organisms living in the water.
Flooding is also one of the effects of water pollution. The erosion of soil into waterways causes flooding, especially with heavy rainfall. Ecosystems can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt humans.
The effects of water pollution are not always immediate. They are not always seen at the point of contamination. They are sometimes never known by the person responsible for the pollution. However, water pollution has a huge impact on our lives. With knowledge, consideration and preparation, water pollution can be decreased. It doesn't take much effort, just a little thought.
post by; salawati sarip g72947
Friday, December 4, 2009
Wednesday, November 25, 2009
Cause Of Water Pollution
1. INTRODUCTION
Water pollution is a major problem in the global context. It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases, and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily. An estimated 700 million Indians have no access to a proper toilet, and 1,000 Indian children die of diarrhoeal sickness every day. Some 90% of China's cities suffer from some degree of water pollution, and nearly 500 million people lack access to safe drinking water. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in developing countries, industrialized countries continue to struggle with pollution problems as well. In the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 45 percent of assessed stream miles, 47 percent of assessed lake acres, and 32 percent of assessed bay and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted.
Other than that, according to Department of Environment (DOE) research, dive two years about the level of pollution of rivers throughout the country, 91% of cases of river pollution is caused from man-made. This problem occurs because most people who use septic tanks refuse to cooperate with the parties involved to treat sewage waste. According to DOE of 16 categories as polluted rivers which are located mostly in the states of the rapidly developing as Penang, Johor and Selangor. Rivers in Selangor that have been identified pollution is Sungai Rephens, Sungai Tekala, Sungai Kundur, Sungai Gabai, Sungai Chenarek, Sungai Lepok and the Lowest is Sungai Congkak. Among these rivers, Sungai Rephens have a high number of koliform feces because there is a pen of cattle and sheep barn initiate by local residents.
That is related to our topic is Water Pollution. We choose this topic because some of the people not very concern about this issue and less of the cooperation. Besides that, the others purpose is increase the awareness to prevent the issue of the water pollution. Recently, water pollution become a big issue. In addition, we know that some of the glacier was become liquid. All of this are cause of global worming.
That’s why our group choose water pollution for our project topic. By the way, in recent years, water pollution issues felt very acute because many rivers and water catchment areas have experienced contamination. We feel necessary to increase awareness about the importance of being environmental pollution so that water does not Occur. We also feel that if this condition is not prevented from the beginning, future generations may not be able to view wildlife and river water is clear.
2. DEFINITION
Water is typically referred to as polluted when it is impaired by anthropogenic contaminants and either does not support a human use, like serving as drinking water, and/or undergoes a marked shift in its ability to support its constituent biotic communities, such as fish. Natural phenomena such as volcanoes, algae blooms, storms, and earthquakes also cause major changes in water quality and the ecological status of water. Water pollution has many causes and characteristics.
Water pollution to the addition of foreign substances (pollutants) to a water source. These impurities have a detrimental effect on water quality, and can be harmful to living organisms and aquatic life. Pollution can be introduced to water from both point sources and diffuse sources. Common sources of pollutants include man-made, industrial waste and domestic sewage and natural sources such as soil erosion and silt-bearing runoff.
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater. All water pollution affects organisms and plants that live in these water bodies and in almost all cases the effect is damaging either to individual species and populations but also to the natural biological communities. It occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful constituents.
The definition also includes any solid, liquid or gaseous waste and all other substances whose cause water pollution or a violation.
3. CAUSE OF WATER POLLUTION
The water pollution in Malaysia is originated from point sources and non-point sources. Point sources that have been identified include sewage treatment plants, manufacturing and agro-based industries and animal farms. Non-point sources are mainly diffused ones such as agricultural activities and surface runoffs. According to Malaysia Environment Quality Report 2004, the Department of Environment has recorded 17,991 water pollution point sources in 2004 comprising mainly sewage treatment plants (54%), manufacturing industries (38%), animal farms (5%) and agro-based industries (3%). The distribution of the water pollution sources is shown in Figure 1 below.
Water pollution is a major problem in the global context. It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases, and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily. An estimated 700 million Indians have no access to a proper toilet, and 1,000 Indian children die of diarrhoeal sickness every day. Some 90% of China's cities suffer from some degree of water pollution, and nearly 500 million people lack access to safe drinking water. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in developing countries, industrialized countries continue to struggle with pollution problems as well. In the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 45 percent of assessed stream miles, 47 percent of assessed lake acres, and 32 percent of assessed bay and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted.
Other than that, according to Department of Environment (DOE) research, dive two years about the level of pollution of rivers throughout the country, 91% of cases of river pollution is caused from man-made. This problem occurs because most people who use septic tanks refuse to cooperate with the parties involved to treat sewage waste. According to DOE of 16 categories as polluted rivers which are located mostly in the states of the rapidly developing as Penang, Johor and Selangor. Rivers in Selangor that have been identified pollution is Sungai Rephens, Sungai Tekala, Sungai Kundur, Sungai Gabai, Sungai Chenarek, Sungai Lepok and the Lowest is Sungai Congkak. Among these rivers, Sungai Rephens have a high number of koliform feces because there is a pen of cattle and sheep barn initiate by local residents.
That is related to our topic is Water Pollution. We choose this topic because some of the people not very concern about this issue and less of the cooperation. Besides that, the others purpose is increase the awareness to prevent the issue of the water pollution. Recently, water pollution become a big issue. In addition, we know that some of the glacier was become liquid. All of this are cause of global worming.
That’s why our group choose water pollution for our project topic. By the way, in recent years, water pollution issues felt very acute because many rivers and water catchment areas have experienced contamination. We feel necessary to increase awareness about the importance of being environmental pollution so that water does not Occur. We also feel that if this condition is not prevented from the beginning, future generations may not be able to view wildlife and river water is clear.
2. DEFINITION
Water is typically referred to as polluted when it is impaired by anthropogenic contaminants and either does not support a human use, like serving as drinking water, and/or undergoes a marked shift in its ability to support its constituent biotic communities, such as fish. Natural phenomena such as volcanoes, algae blooms, storms, and earthquakes also cause major changes in water quality and the ecological status of water. Water pollution has many causes and characteristics.
Water pollution to the addition of foreign substances (pollutants) to a water source. These impurities have a detrimental effect on water quality, and can be harmful to living organisms and aquatic life. Pollution can be introduced to water from both point sources and diffuse sources. Common sources of pollutants include man-made, industrial waste and domestic sewage and natural sources such as soil erosion and silt-bearing runoff.
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater. All water pollution affects organisms and plants that live in these water bodies and in almost all cases the effect is damaging either to individual species and populations but also to the natural biological communities. It occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful constituents.
The definition also includes any solid, liquid or gaseous waste and all other substances whose cause water pollution or a violation.
3. CAUSE OF WATER POLLUTION
The water pollution in Malaysia is originated from point sources and non-point sources. Point sources that have been identified include sewage treatment plants, manufacturing and agro-based industries and animal farms. Non-point sources are mainly diffused ones such as agricultural activities and surface runoffs. According to Malaysia Environment Quality Report 2004, the Department of Environment has recorded 17,991 water pollution point sources in 2004 comprising mainly sewage treatment plants (54%), manufacturing industries (38%), animal farms (5%) and agro-based industries (3%). The distribution of the water pollution sources is shown in Figure 1 below.
3.1. Industrial sewage
Industrial activities is a major source of increased discharge waste water containing heavy metals into the rivers. In 1995, industry contributed 65% of sewage pollution to the river in terms of BOD. Its followed by agricultural activities. Some irresponsible entrepreneur channeled the toxic waste direct to the river. They also deliberately throw the industrial like solid waste or toxic waste direct to the river. This will cause of death aquatic life. More than that, it will make healthy problem to human.
3.2. Livestock Animals
Unclean animal filth-channeled into the river without thought to the environment impact. This can be proved through the discovery TV3 journalist in the Islamic University College of Science, Kuala Sungai Baru Melaka. The pig farmers have continued to release pig droppings into the river that flows directly into the sea. This is causing water and air pollution.
3.3. Sacrificed Center
The operators also contributors to the central slaughtering of water pollution. They remove waste slaughter as blood, stool, stomach and other animals that are slaughtered in the rivers. This disrupt the ecosystem.
3.4. Restaurant and Food Outlets
Attitude of some owners restaurants and food outlets to remove the remaining food to their customers in the drains which flow directly into rivers also contribute to water pollution. This condition is mainly done by traders who trade on the sea.
3.5. Domestic Waste
There also some irresponsible resident removing trash into rivers. Rubbish such as empty bottles, plastic bags, and papers, and foods remaining, that are not used removed without thinking of the river aquatic life and the resident that use river as main source of water.
3.6. Wet Markets and Wholesale Markets.
Vendors at the wet markets and wholesale markets also contribute occurrence of water pollution. Traders remove their waste sales revenue down the drain where the duct directly into rivers. This directly led to the river became polluted.
3.7. Septic Tank Sewage
Cost saving for residential septic tanks and sewage treatment plant, there are some people who are not responsible to take the easy way with the filth of sewage into the channel rivers.
3.8. Thermal Pollution
Thermal pollution is the rise or fall in the temperature of a natural body of water caused by human influence. A common cause of thermal pollution is the use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers. Elevated water temperatures decreases oxygen levels (which can kill fish) and affects ecosystem composition, such as invasion by new thermophilic species. Urban runoff may also elevate temperature in surface waters.
Thermal pollution can also be caused by the release of very cold water from the base of reservoirs into warmer rivers.
3.9. Soil Erosion
Water pollution can also occur naturally from the effects of soil erosion and sediment plants that have died and decay.
3.10. Sedimentation
Water pollution occur as a result of land development for housing exploration activities, industry, agriculture, logging, sand mining and others.
As a conclusion, the main causes of water pollution is man-made. Some greedy man only concerned about profit without thinking about the effects of environmental damage.
Tuesday, November 24, 2009
solution of water pollution
To ensure our water source is clean, we must carry out the steps as follows. These steps can be divided according to several categories. Among the steps that need to be done by individuals, families, communities and government.
3.1 Individual
The first and fore most as an individual, each individual must discipline themselves. Before we ask others to do something to maintain the cleanliness of rivers, we first need to educate ourselves to love river. We must discipline ourselves in the cleanliness of rivers. Do not throw garbage into the river because the river is a major source of drinking water in Malaysia. This will cause the garbage and polluted river water does not flow smoothly.
In addition, the everyday uses in the home goods such as detergent that can not be dibiodegrasi, cooking oil, pesticides and chemicals should be reduced. Reduction of the use of these materials can reduce chemical waste directly into the home from water. With self-discipline in each individual, we will be more aware and responsible for the cleanliness of rivers and water sources in the country.
3.2 Family level
Secondly step is family level. Education about hygiene the river should start from home. Family or parents should teach their children to love the river or source of water for human consumption. They need to be educated importance of rivers as the main source of water to humans and living things in this world. Without clean water, human life will be destroyed.
With this upbringing, the children will maintain the water source and they will not be polluting water sources with rubbish and materials that can pollute water and cause harm to humans and living things in the water.
3.3 Society
Third step is what to do by society. As society, we must expand the campaign in love with the river through the mass media including explains backwash waste disposal and all types of waste into the river and also the fine will be imposed if the offense caught polluting river.
Industrial factories must use tools specific to trap the waste produced by industries, such as electrostatic ripper. With the tools to trap the waste industry, it can avoid the waste industry is channeled directly into the river or water source that is also used by humans and other living things.
In this way the river or water source in Malaysia will be protected from toxic waste pollution resulting from industrial factories. Habitat in the river will be safe and not extinct. People who made habitats in the river as a source of food will also be saved from diseases that can be spread by contaminated water. With this, all living things in the universe will be safe and can live in peace.
3.4 Government
Lastly step is government need to expand the scope of education in schools in an effort to educate the younger generation loves river. Schools should implement environmental education for students. The knowlegde can be applied in the teaching of science subjects. With this environmental education, students can learn how to maintain cleanliness of rivers or water sources.
Add up to this, law enforcement must be implemented so that offenders against river pollution can be taken and actions based on alleged errors committed. Law is not enforced will not educate people to appreciate the rivers.
The Department of Environment and Department of Irrigation and Drainage must improve the quality of river patrols to be maintained and monitored. Supervision of residents of squatter areas must be enhanced so that they do not remove the garbage or filth into the river indiscriminately.
In addition, contamination can be avoided by centralized industrial areas. Government should establish a special area for industrial. The area must be a distance far from the housing area or from water sources so it won’t cause any harm to human’s health.
Government should also establish the waste treatment industry. Government should provide a special area for treating industrial waste. With a special place to treat industrial waste, the river no longer a place for removing toxic materials from the factory. River or water source will be saved from toxic contaminants, as well as habitats that live in river.
4. Conclusion
In conclusion we must work together to maintain cleanliness of the river either as an individual, family, community or government. We also must discipline ourselves to keep the river clean. Parent must play a role for their children on how to take care the cleanliness of water. Community should be sensitive to the cleanliness of their environment. While nothing will be run in a transparent law. Then we can get a clean environment. Clean water is essential for the prosperity of our lives.
post by: zuraida zolkepeli (g72970)
3.1 Individual
The first and fore most as an individual, each individual must discipline themselves. Before we ask others to do something to maintain the cleanliness of rivers, we first need to educate ourselves to love river. We must discipline ourselves in the cleanliness of rivers. Do not throw garbage into the river because the river is a major source of drinking water in Malaysia. This will cause the garbage and polluted river water does not flow smoothly.
In addition, the everyday uses in the home goods such as detergent that can not be dibiodegrasi, cooking oil, pesticides and chemicals should be reduced. Reduction of the use of these materials can reduce chemical waste directly into the home from water. With self-discipline in each individual, we will be more aware and responsible for the cleanliness of rivers and water sources in the country.
3.2 Family level
Secondly step is family level. Education about hygiene the river should start from home. Family or parents should teach their children to love the river or source of water for human consumption. They need to be educated importance of rivers as the main source of water to humans and living things in this world. Without clean water, human life will be destroyed.
With this upbringing, the children will maintain the water source and they will not be polluting water sources with rubbish and materials that can pollute water and cause harm to humans and living things in the water.
3.3 Society
Third step is what to do by society. As society, we must expand the campaign in love with the river through the mass media including explains backwash waste disposal and all types of waste into the river and also the fine will be imposed if the offense caught polluting river.
Industrial factories must use tools specific to trap the waste produced by industries, such as electrostatic ripper. With the tools to trap the waste industry, it can avoid the waste industry is channeled directly into the river or water source that is also used by humans and other living things.
In this way the river or water source in Malaysia will be protected from toxic waste pollution resulting from industrial factories. Habitat in the river will be safe and not extinct. People who made habitats in the river as a source of food will also be saved from diseases that can be spread by contaminated water. With this, all living things in the universe will be safe and can live in peace.
3.4 Government
Lastly step is government need to expand the scope of education in schools in an effort to educate the younger generation loves river. Schools should implement environmental education for students. The knowlegde can be applied in the teaching of science subjects. With this environmental education, students can learn how to maintain cleanliness of rivers or water sources.
Add up to this, law enforcement must be implemented so that offenders against river pollution can be taken and actions based on alleged errors committed. Law is not enforced will not educate people to appreciate the rivers.
The Department of Environment and Department of Irrigation and Drainage must improve the quality of river patrols to be maintained and monitored. Supervision of residents of squatter areas must be enhanced so that they do not remove the garbage or filth into the river indiscriminately.
In addition, contamination can be avoided by centralized industrial areas. Government should establish a special area for industrial. The area must be a distance far from the housing area or from water sources so it won’t cause any harm to human’s health.
Government should also establish the waste treatment industry. Government should provide a special area for treating industrial waste. With a special place to treat industrial waste, the river no longer a place for removing toxic materials from the factory. River or water source will be saved from toxic contaminants, as well as habitats that live in river.
4. Conclusion
In conclusion we must work together to maintain cleanliness of the river either as an individual, family, community or government. We also must discipline ourselves to keep the river clean. Parent must play a role for their children on how to take care the cleanliness of water. Community should be sensitive to the cleanliness of their environment. While nothing will be run in a transparent law. Then we can get a clean environment. Clean water is essential for the prosperity of our lives.
post by: zuraida zolkepeli (g72970)
outline report
Topic: Water pollution
1. Introduction
-our topic is water pollution.
-we choose this topic because some people not very concern about this issue and less of the
cooperation.
2. Body
-definition- water pollution refers to the addition of foreign substances (pollutants) to a water
source.
-These impurities have a detrimental effect on water quality and can be harmful
to living organisms and aquatic life.
-pollution can be introduced to water from both point sources and diffuse sources.
-Common sources of pollutants include man-made industrial waste and domestic
sewage and natural sources such as soil erosion and silt-bearing runoff.
* Causes
a) rubbish dump - the river will be polluted, will be shallow ,
b) dumping of toxic waste – The specific contaminants leading to pollution in water include a
wide spectrum of chemicals, pathogens, and physical or sensory
changes such as elevated temperature and discoloration.
- Many of the chemical substances are toxic. Pathogens can produce
waterborne diseases in either human or animal hosts.
c) oil expression in the sea – from the ship
*Effect
a)River pollution
b)Effect on water quality and can be harmful to living organisms and aquatic life.
c)The main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that inhabits water-based
ecosystems. Dead fish, birds, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches,
killed by pollutants in their habitat.
d) Pollution disrupts the natural food chain as well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are
eaten by tiny animals.
e) Eventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such as
hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned.
f) Ecosystems can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now
being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt
humans.
*solutions
a) individual -each individual must disipline themselves
b) family level -education about hygiene the river should start from home.
c) society -campaign through mass media.
-using equipment to trap the waste industry.
d) government-government need to expand the scope of education in schools in an effort to
educate the younger generation loves river.
-The control of water pollution is the responsibility of the Department of
Environment (DOE), which is empowered to enforce compliance with effluent
standards for point sources of pollution.
-Department of Environment and department of Irrigation and Drainage must
improve the quality of river patrols to be maintained and monitored.
-Centralized industrial areas.
-Establishing the waste treatment industry.
3. Conclusion
-Water pollution is very dangerous to us and the world.
-Parent must be role to their children about how to take care the cleanliness water.
-The clean water to assume our peaceful life.
post by: zuraida zolkepeli (g72970)
1. Introduction
-our topic is water pollution.
-we choose this topic because some people not very concern about this issue and less of the
cooperation.
2. Body
-definition- water pollution refers to the addition of foreign substances (pollutants) to a water
source.
-These impurities have a detrimental effect on water quality and can be harmful
to living organisms and aquatic life.
-pollution can be introduced to water from both point sources and diffuse sources.
-Common sources of pollutants include man-made industrial waste and domestic
sewage and natural sources such as soil erosion and silt-bearing runoff.
* Causes
a) rubbish dump - the river will be polluted, will be shallow ,
b) dumping of toxic waste – The specific contaminants leading to pollution in water include a
wide spectrum of chemicals, pathogens, and physical or sensory
changes such as elevated temperature and discoloration.
- Many of the chemical substances are toxic. Pathogens can produce
waterborne diseases in either human or animal hosts.
c) oil expression in the sea – from the ship
*Effect
a)River pollution
b)Effect on water quality and can be harmful to living organisms and aquatic life.
c)The main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that inhabits water-based
ecosystems. Dead fish, birds, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches,
killed by pollutants in their habitat.
d) Pollution disrupts the natural food chain as well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are
eaten by tiny animals.
e) Eventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such as
hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned.
f) Ecosystems can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now
being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt
humans.
*solutions
a) individual -each individual must disipline themselves
b) family level -education about hygiene the river should start from home.
c) society -campaign through mass media.
-using equipment to trap the waste industry.
d) government-government need to expand the scope of education in schools in an effort to
educate the younger generation loves river.
-The control of water pollution is the responsibility of the Department of
Environment (DOE), which is empowered to enforce compliance with effluent
standards for point sources of pollution.
-Department of Environment and department of Irrigation and Drainage must
improve the quality of river patrols to be maintained and monitored.
-Centralized industrial areas.
-Establishing the waste treatment industry.
3. Conclusion
-Water pollution is very dangerous to us and the world.
-Parent must be role to their children about how to take care the cleanliness water.
-The clean water to assume our peaceful life.
post by: zuraida zolkepeli (g72970)
Thursday, November 12, 2009
cause of water pollution
Without healthy water for drinking, cooking, fishing, and farming, the human race would perish. Clean water is also necessary for recreational interests such as swimming, boating, and water skiing. Yet, when Congress began assessing national water quality during the early 1970s, it found that much of the country's groundwater and surface water was contaminated or severely compromised. Studies revealed that the nation's three primary sources of water pollution—industry, agriculture, and municipalities—had been regularly discharging harmful materials into water supplies throughout the country over a number of years.
These harmful materials included organic wastes, sediments, minerals, nutrients, thermal pollutants, toxic chemicals, and other hazardous substances. Organic wastes are produced by animals and humans, and include such things as fecal matter, crop debris, yard clippings, food wastes, rubber, plastic, wood, and disposable diapers. Such wastes require oxygen to decompose. When they are dumped into streams and lakes and begin to break down, they can deprive aquatic life of the oxygen it needs to survive.
Sediments may be deposited into lakes and streams through soil erosion caused by the clearing, excavating, grading, transporting, and filling of land. Minerals, such as iron, copper, chromium, platinum, nickel, zinc, and tin, can be discharged into streams and lakes as a result of various mining activities. Excessive levels of sediments and minerals in water can inhibit the penetration of sunlight, which reduces the production of photosynthetic organisms.
Nutrients, like phosphorus and nitrogen, support the growth of algae and other plants forming the lower levels of the food chain. However, excessive levels of nutrients from sources such as fertilizer can cause eutrophication, which is the overgrowth of aquatic vegetation. This overgrowth clouds the water and smothers some plants. Over time, excessive nutrient levels can accelerate the natural process by which bodies of water evolve into dry land.
Thermal pollution results from the release of heated water into lakes and streams. Most thermal pollution is generated by power plant cooling systems. Power plants use water to cool their reactors and turbines, and discharge it into lakes and tributaries after it has become heated. Higher water temperatures accelerate biological and chemical processes in rivers and streams, reducing the water's ability to retain dissolved oxygen. This can hasten the growth of algae and disrupt the reproduction of fish.
Toxic chemicals and other hazardous materials present the most imminent threat to water quality. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified 582 highly toxic chemicals, which are produced, manufactured, and stored in locations across the United States. Some chemical plants incinerate toxic waste, which produces dangerous by-products like furans and chlorinated dioxins, two of the most deadly carcinogens known to the human race. Other hazardous materials are produced or stored by households (motor oil, antifreeze, paints, and pesticides), dry cleaners (chlorinated solvents), farms (insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, and herbicides), and gas stations and airports (fuel).
Water pollution regulation consists of a labyrinth of state and federal statutes, administrative rules, and common-law principles.
post by: zuraida zolkepeli (G72970)
These harmful materials included organic wastes, sediments, minerals, nutrients, thermal pollutants, toxic chemicals, and other hazardous substances. Organic wastes are produced by animals and humans, and include such things as fecal matter, crop debris, yard clippings, food wastes, rubber, plastic, wood, and disposable diapers. Such wastes require oxygen to decompose. When they are dumped into streams and lakes and begin to break down, they can deprive aquatic life of the oxygen it needs to survive.
Sediments may be deposited into lakes and streams through soil erosion caused by the clearing, excavating, grading, transporting, and filling of land. Minerals, such as iron, copper, chromium, platinum, nickel, zinc, and tin, can be discharged into streams and lakes as a result of various mining activities. Excessive levels of sediments and minerals in water can inhibit the penetration of sunlight, which reduces the production of photosynthetic organisms.
Nutrients, like phosphorus and nitrogen, support the growth of algae and other plants forming the lower levels of the food chain. However, excessive levels of nutrients from sources such as fertilizer can cause eutrophication, which is the overgrowth of aquatic vegetation. This overgrowth clouds the water and smothers some plants. Over time, excessive nutrient levels can accelerate the natural process by which bodies of water evolve into dry land.
Thermal pollution results from the release of heated water into lakes and streams. Most thermal pollution is generated by power plant cooling systems. Power plants use water to cool their reactors and turbines, and discharge it into lakes and tributaries after it has become heated. Higher water temperatures accelerate biological and chemical processes in rivers and streams, reducing the water's ability to retain dissolved oxygen. This can hasten the growth of algae and disrupt the reproduction of fish.
Toxic chemicals and other hazardous materials present the most imminent threat to water quality. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified 582 highly toxic chemicals, which are produced, manufactured, and stored in locations across the United States. Some chemical plants incinerate toxic waste, which produces dangerous by-products like furans and chlorinated dioxins, two of the most deadly carcinogens known to the human race. Other hazardous materials are produced or stored by households (motor oil, antifreeze, paints, and pesticides), dry cleaners (chlorinated solvents), farms (insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, and herbicides), and gas stations and airports (fuel).
Water pollution regulation consists of a labyrinth of state and federal statutes, administrative rules, and common-law principles.
post by: zuraida zolkepeli (G72970)
Definition of water pollution
Water pollution to the addition of foreign substances (pollutants) to a water source. These impurities have a detrimental effect on water quality, and can be harmful to living organisms and aquatic life. Pollution can be introduced to water from both point sources and diffuse sources. Common sources of pollutants include man-made industrial waste and domestic sewage and natural sources such as soil errosion and silt-bearing runoff.
post by: zuraida zolkepeli (G72970)
post by: zuraida zolkepeli (G72970)
Tuesday, November 10, 2009
framework of water pollution
Assalamualaikum...
I think all of us have made more contents of water pollution. But we didn't discuss about the framework of this title. I would like to give my opinion about the framework.
1. Definition - from dictionary
- from Malaysia academician opinion
- academician opinion from foreigner
2. Source of water pollution
3. Why did this happened
4. step of determent
5. ending - How we feel about water pollution
What will happen if water pollution non-stop
As a parent, what must we do
As a teacher, what must we do
As a leader, what must they do
Post by: Rukiah binti A. Kadir G72944
I think all of us have made more contents of water pollution. But we didn't discuss about the framework of this title. I would like to give my opinion about the framework.
1. Definition - from dictionary
- from Malaysia academician opinion
- academician opinion from foreigner
2. Source of water pollution
3. Why did this happened
4. step of determent
5. ending - How we feel about water pollution
What will happen if water pollution non-stop
As a parent, what must we do
As a teacher, what must we do
As a leader, what must they do
Post by: Rukiah binti A. Kadir G72944
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